Towards a Smart Tourism Business Ecosystem based on Industrial Heritage: research perspectives from the mining region of Rio Tinto,Spain

The implications of the study provide suggestions for future improvements relating to the development of industrial tourism destinations. The possibility of ‘re-using’ the old industrial and mining heritage could favour the development of an economic opportunity to the recession that affected most industrial regions after the 1960s. This paper is focused on the field of industrial heritage tourism management (IHTM) to deepen the knowledge about its business ecosystem. The IHTM is chosen because a number of evidences highlight the interconnections that exist between this field and the business ecosystem concept. To explore these interconnections, the purpose of this article is to define a frame of analysis based also on the emergent initiative of smart tourism and to set up a theoretical framework not only used to the case study of the region of Rio Tinto mine in Spain, but also used as a policy instrument to suggest propositions for recommending new paths for future studies.     

What drives the effectiveness of industrial clusters? Exploring the impact of contextual,structural and functioning determinants

This study examines how contextual, structural and functioning characteristics of industrial clusters influence their effectiveness. We develop a conceptual framework that identifies potential influencing factors, validate the factors statistically, and estimate the factors’ impact on cluster effectiveness. Our results show that among the important determinants of cluster effectiveness are long-term planning security and procedural trust among the cooperating firms (contextual conditions), formalized rules and sustainable structures (structural elements), and clear goals and tasks (functioning characteristics). However, the results also reveal that some determinants assessed as important in the literature do not seem to have a positive impact on effectiveness. Our results not only modify general assumptions in cluster research concerning the drivers of cluster effectiveness, but also assist firms and policy-makers in conceptualizing successful new clusters.     

WHICH AGGLOMERATION EXTERNALITIES MATTER MOST AND WHY?

This paper revisits the ongoing discussion on the importance of agglomeration externalities – specifically specialization, diversity and competition effects – that may contribute to innovation, productivity and urban employment growth. Previous meta‐analyses suggested that the evidence on agglomeration externalities is strongly context‐specific. Expanding an earlier analysis of 31 articles, we seek to draw in this paper more robust conclusions by means of the statistical evidence for agglomeration externalities presented in 73 scientific articles, all building on the seminal work of Glaeser et al. (1992). Our results confirm that the heterogeneity among studies is huge and can only be partially accounted for by means of an ordered probit analysis. Additionally, some evidence of publication bias is found. We conclude that the conventional lines of inquiry in this literature may now have reached strongly diminishing returns. New lines of inquiry, using rich micro‐level data on firms and workers, dynamic general equilibrium models at the macro level, more attention for spatial and temporal variation in the impacts of agglomeration, and further investigations into the spatial scope of externalities are promising avenues for further research that can enhance our understanding of how agglomeration externalities continue to fuel our increasingly urbanized world.     

中国地区专业化促进经济增长的实证研究:1990～2007年

地区专业化对经济增长的影响是多方面的。本文从两个层面剖析中国地区专业化对经济增长的影响。首先,运用全域专业化指数对中国地区专业化进行整体测度,考察中国地区专业化与经济发展水平之间的演变规律;设计地区加权区位商指数,分析各省区市专业化部门综合实力的演化趋势。进而,直接测度中国各地区专业化部门对地区经济增长的贡献;通过偏离份额分析法分别对四大区域专业化部门促进工业经济增长的结构效应和生产率效应进行测算和分析。最后,基于上述实证研究进行总结并提出相关建议。     

专业化、多样化与产业增长关系——基于中国省级制造业面板数据的实证研究

本文利用中国31个省区169个制造业在1999~2009年的数据,实证分析了专业化、多样化和竞争程度等因素对制造业增长的影响。研究结果表明,在全国样本范围内,专业化(MAR外部性)对制造业增长的影响为负,而多样化的产业环境(Jacobs外部性)和竞争(Porter外部性)有利于制造业的增长。在分地区、分产业和分地区分产业的分析中,专业化和多样化对不同地区和不同类型的制造业增长的影响存在显著差异,但是竞争对制造业的增长始终具有显著正面效应。     

北京市产业空间布局演变特征

《北京城市总体规划(2004年—2020年)》自2004年实施以来,尤其是在2008年奥运会之前,北京市积极推动产业优化与转型,2004—2008年是北京市产业转型与产业布局变化较大的时期。利用GIS空间自相关分析方法,以北京市各街道及各镇为空间单元,分析了北京市2004—2008年的就业密度空间特征,研究揭示了近几年北京市的产业空间布局演变特征。研究结果表明,北京市总就业密度的空间特征为单中心扩展,中心城的吸引力仍然十分巨大,南北空间分异明显;从各产业的就业密度演变特征看,北京市制造业向郊区扩展的趋势明显,服务业在中心城更加集聚。最后,提出了北京市产业空间重组的演化趋势与调控路径。     

辽宁沿海经济带工业遗产保护与旅游利用模式

辽宁沿海经济带工业遗产是辽宁乃至东北地区工业遗产的重要组成部分,充分展现了辽宁开埠通商之后沿海地区工业文化的发展成就与巨大创造.文章分析了辽宁沿海经济带工业遗产构成,工业遗产保护成果、存在问题以及旅游利用的整体状况,以此为基础提出了政府主导、区域合作、点-轴开发、创意产业带动四种发展模式,推动辽宁沿海经济带建设、东北老...     

后危机背景下贵阳市工业结构调整

近几年,贵阳工业在改革开放的进程中不断发展壮大,成为贵阳市经济社会发展的主力军,但2008年受到雪凝灾害、国际金融危机爆发的影响,贵阳工业经济运行遇到了前所未有的困难和挑战.本文分析了贵阳市工业发展的现状以及金融危机以后贵阳工业经济出现的情况,比如:工业生产增速放缓,产品销售增速放缓、产品积压、费用增加较快,工业综合经...     

基于产业结构调整的扩大就业政策——以云南省实证研究为例

产业结构反映了经济增长的结构,因此,产业结构调整是提高经济增长对就业拉动作用的关键。研究如何通过产业结构升级与均衡来提高经济增长对就业的拉动作用,对扩大就业具有重要的意义。本文以云南省为研究对象,利用趋势分析、结构偏差系数以及取对数线性回归的就业弹性分析等方法,根据《云南省统计年鉴》提供的样本数据,分析了产业结构、就业结构以及三次产业就业弹性的变动趋势,并从产业结构调整的视角提出了扩大就业的政策。     

产业转移的新经济地理学解释

不同于传统的产业转移理论,新经济地理学在规模报酬和垄断竞争框架下解释了产业转移现象,认为产业转移的基础不必然是第一自然的差异,在完全相同的均质空间下,由于市场接近效应、生活成本效应和市场拥挤效应所构成的集聚力和扩散力的相互作用,产业转移也会发生,并且表现出突发性、自我强化、预期自我实现和价值链环节分离的特性及关联度弱的产业先转移等规律。此外,新经济地理学还运用一般均衡分析方法考察了产业转移的福利效应,包括瓦尔拉斯效应、生产租金和规模区位效应、累积效应以及转移效应,并对影响产业转移的税收优惠竞争、公共基础设施改善和区域补贴等政策措施的效果进行了剖析。